OCtober 25, 2025
The relationship between caffeine and headache goes both ways — that is, caffeine can sometimes reduce a headache and sometimes make it stronger. This effect depends on the amount taken and on the individual make-up of the body.
In small amounts caffeine narrows the blood vessels and regulates the blood flow in the brain. For this reason drinks that contain caffeine — coffee, black tea or small amounts of energy drinks — can in some cases ease migraine or tension-type headache. A small amount of caffeine is even added to some painkillers so that their effect is stronger.
In large amounts, however, caffeine can have the completely opposite effect. Taking more than three cups of coffee a day, or an equivalent amount of caffeine, over-stimulates the nervous system, increases the sensitivity of the blood vessels and as a result raises the risk of a headache developing.
In people who take a lot of caffeine all the time, the body gets used to it. If caffeine is stopped abruptly, that is if a person suddenly gives up coffee, the state known as “caffeine-withdrawal headache” can develop. This pain is usually felt on both sides of the head, is pressing and persistent in character, and is accompanied by tiredness and low mood.
The healthiest approach is a balanced intake. One or two cups of real coffee a day is most often not harmful and in some people can even prevent headache. But in those prone to migraine or with disturbed sleep, the amount of caffeine should be reduced.
In summary: in small amounts caffeine is useful in some cases, while in large amounts it is harmful; and giving it up completely is sensible only on a doctor's advice.