The aim of treatment is to reduce the frequency and intensity of the pain and to keep the patient's dependence on medication and any possible side effects to a minimum.
Tension-type headache is a neurological complaint felt as a pressing, tightening, “band-like” sensation around the head, usually appearing as a bilateral headache and capable of affecting quality of life. Patients may have tension in the muscles of the neck and head and a feeling of tension linked to stress.
The treatment process first of all involves assessing the characteristics of the pain (frequency, duration, severity, triggers). On that basis the doctor draws up an individual strategy resting on drug and non-drug methods.
Within symptomatic drug treatment, painkillers may be used, for example NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen) and/or paracetamol. If the pain is frequent and persistent, longer-term preventive approaches – an antidepressant (such as amitriptyline) – may be considered. These medicines help to reduce muscle tension and the frequency of the pain.
Non-drug approaches consist of methods such as physical activity, relaxation directed at the neck and head and then at the neck, shoulder and the base of the shoulder, electrical stimulation, acupuncture and massage. Psychological support and stress management — such as cognitive behavioural therapy — can help to reduce the emotional burden that goes with the pain.
Especially in long-standing cases that interfere with quality of life, the doctor combines all these approaches to form a treatment protocol suited to the patient.